Houthi Drone and Missile Capabilities Raise Alarm Across the Gulf

Saudi Arabia’s decade-long military involvement in Yemen is facing renewed scrutiny as tensions involving the Houthi movement continue to threaten regional security. In 2015, Riyadh launched military operations in support of Yemen’s internationally recognised government, seeking to prevent the Iran-backed Houthis from expanding their control near Saudi Arabia’s southern border. The campaign, which received support from the United Arab Emirates in its early stages, failed to eliminate the group. Although a UN-brokered truce in 2022 helped reduce hostilities, the conflict remained unresolved. The Houthis later resumed attacks linked to the Gaza war, targeting shipping in the Red Sea and raising concerns about the security of regional trade routes and infrastructure.

The Houthis’ reported missile and drone capabilities, along with alleged external support, continue to complicate efforts to contain the conflict. Saudi Arabia and its partners face difficult choices, as airstrikes risk civilian casualties while a ground offensive could lead to further military losses and economic disruption. The ongoing instability also threatens Saudi Arabia’s ambitions to strengthen its position as a global tourism and trade destination. According to the supplied report, Riyadh is seeking international assistance, while the extent of future military support from its partners remains uncertain. Strengthening Yemen’s government forces and pursuing a sustainable political settlement remain among the possible approaches to reducing the threat and preventing further escalation.